|
  
|
Access method FAQ
- Is a Berkeley DB database the same as a "table"?
Yes; "tables" are databases, "rows" are key/data pairs, and "columns" are application-encapsulated fields within a data item (to which Berkeley DB does not directly provide access).
- I'm seeing database corruption when creating multiple databases
in a single physical file.
This problem is usually the result of DB handles not sharing an underlying database environment. See Opening multiple databases in a single file for more information.
- Is there any way to compact databases, or return unused
database pages to the filesystem?
When Berkeley DB database pages are emptied, they are made available for other uses, that is, new pages will not be allocated from the underlying filesystem as long as there are unused pages available. However, the pages cannot be returned to the filesystem without dumping the database, removing the physical file, and reloading the database. The one exception to this rule is Queue access method extent files. Queue extent files are removed when they are emptied, and their pages returned to the underlying filesystem.
- I'm using integers as keys for a Btree database, and even
though the key/data pairs are entered in sorted order, the page-fill
factor is low.
This is usually the result of using integer keys on little-endian architectures such as the x86. Berkeley DB sorts keys as byte strings, and little-endian integers don't sort well when viewed as byte strings. You may want to convert the keys to flat text or big-endian representations, or provide your own Btree comparison function.
- Is there any way to avoid double buffering in the Berkeley DB system?
While you cannot avoid double buffering entirely, there are three different tuning knobs you can work with to address this issue:
First, the Berkeley DB cache size can be explicitly set. Rather than allocate additional space in the Berkeley DB cache to cover unexpectedly heavy load or large table sizes, double buffering may suggest you size the cache to function well under normal conditions, and then depend on the file buffer cache to cover abnormal conditions. Obviously, this is a trade-off, as Berkeley DB may not then perform as well as usual under abnormal conditions.
Second, depending on the underlying operating system you're using, you may be able to alter the amount of physical memory devoted to the file buffer cache. Running as the system super-user makes a difference for some UNIX or UNIX-like operating systems as well.
Third, changing the size of the Berkeley DB environment regions can change the amount of space the operating system makes available for the file buffer cache, and it's often worth considering exactly how the operating system is dividing up its available memory. Further, moving the Berkeley DB database environment regions from filesystem backed memory into system memory (or heap memory), can often make additional system memory available for the file buffer cache, especially on systems without a unified buffer cache and VM system.
- I'm seeing database corruption when I run out of disk space.
Berkeley DB can continue to run when when out-of-disk-space errors occur, but it requires the application to be transaction protected. Applications which do not enclose update operations in transactions cannot recover from out-of-disk-space errors, and the result of running out of disk space may be database corruption.
- How can I associate application information with a DB
or DB_ENV handle?
In the C API, the DB and DB_ENV structures each contain an "app_private" field intended to be used to reference application-specific information. See the db_create and db_env_create documentation for more information.
In the C++ or Java APIs, the easiest way to associate application-specific data with a handle is to subclass the Db or DbEnv, for example subclassing Db to get MyDb. Objects of type MyDb will still have the Berkeley DB API methods available on them, and you can put any extra data or methods you want into the MyDb class. If you are using "callback" APIs that take Db or DbEnv arguments (for example, Db::set_bt_compare) these will always be called with the Db or DbEnv objects you create. So if you always use MyDb objects, you will be able to take the first argument to the callback function and cast it to a MyDb (in C++, cast it to (MyDb*)). That will allow you to access your data members or methods.
|
|